Nicotinic acid plays an essential role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as a component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). These coenzymes are essential for several oxidation-reduction reactions involving the transfer of hydrogen and electrons. They are therefore essential for the release of energy from the major food nutrients. In addition, NAD and NADP are involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol.
