NutraFacts Online: References - NO

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• Naber, E.C., and M.W. Squires. 1993a. Vitamin profiles of eggs as indicators of nutritional status in the laying hen: diet to egg transfer and commercial flock survey. Poult. Soc. 72:1046.
• Naber, E.C., and M.W. Squires. 1993b. Research Note: Early detection of the absence of a vitamin premix in layer diets by egg albumen riboflavin analysis. Poul. Sci. 72.1989.
• Nafstad, I. 1965. Studies of hematology and bone morrow morphology in vitamin E-deficient pigs. Pathol. Vet. 2:277-287.
• Nafstad, I. 1973. Some aspects of vitamin E deficiency in pigs. Acta. Agric. Scand. 19:31-34.
• Nafstad, I., and H.J. Nafstad. 1968. An electron microscopic study of blood and bone morrow in vitamin E-deficient pigs. Pathol. Vet. 5:520-537.
• Nafstad, I., and S. Tollersrud. 1970. The vitamin E-deficiency syndrome in pigs. I. Pathological changes. Acta. Vet Scand. 11:452-480.
• Nahm, T.H., Lee, S.W., Fausto, A., Sonn, Y., and Avioli, L.V. 1979. 25OHD, a circulating vitamin D metabolite in fish. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 89:396-402.
• Naidoo, D. 1956. The activity in sites of 5'nucleotidase, phosphomonoesterase and thiamin pyrophosphatase in vitamin B1 deficient brain tissue. Acta Psychiatr. Neurol. Scand. 31:205.
• Naismith, D.H. 1958. Ascorbic-acid requirements of the dog. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 17:xlii.
• Naismith, D.J., and P.L. Pellett. 1960. The water-soluble vitamin content of blood serum and milk of the bitch. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 19:xi.
• Naito, Y., N. Shindo, R. Sato and D. Murakami. 1990. Plasma osteocalcin in preparturient and postparturient cows: correlation with plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium and inorganic phosphorus. J. Dairy Sci. 73:3481-3484.
• Nakamura, K., and Iida, H. 1986. Relationship between albinism and riboflavin amount in flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 53:1275-1279.
• Nakano, H., and J.F. Gregory, III. 1995. Pyridoxine-5'-beta-D-glucoside influences the short-term metabolic utilization of pyridoxine in rats. J. Nutr. 125:926.
• Nakano, H., L.G. McMahon, and J.F. Gregory. 1997. Pyridoxine-5'-beta-glucoside exhibits incomplete bioavailability as a source of vitamin B6 and partially inhibits the utilization of co-ingested pyridoxine in humans. J. Nutr. 127:1508.
• Nakaya, T., S. Suzuki, and K. Watanabe. 1986. Effects of high dose supplementation of ascorbic acid on chicks. Jpn. Poult. Sci. 23:276.
• Narbaitz, R., and B. Fragiskos. 1984. Hypervitaminosis D in the chick embryo: Comparative study on the activity of various vitamin D3 metabolites. Calcif. Tissue Res. 36:392.
• Narbaitz, R., and C.P. Tsang. 1989. Vitamin D deficiency in the chick embryo; effects on prehatching motility and on the growth and differentiation of bones, muscles, and parathyroid glands. Calcif. Tissue Int. 44:348.
• NAS. 1969. Atlas of nutritional data on United States and Canadian feeds. Pub. 1684. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
• National Research Council (NRC). 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy Press.
• National Research Council. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
• Natsuhori, M., S. Minoru and E. Kokue. 1994. Alteration of plasma folates component during life cycle in pigs. Proceed 13th IPVS Congress, Bangkok, Thailand. p. 308.
• Navarre, O., and J.E. Halver. 1989. Disease resistance and humoral antibody production in rainbow trout fed high levels of vitamin C. Aquaculture 79:207.
• Ndiweni, N., and J.M. Finch. 1995. Effects of in vitro supplementation of bovine mammary gland macrophages and peripheral blood lymphocytes with alpha-tocopherol and sodium selenite: implications for udder defences. Vet Immunol. Immunopath. 47:111-121.
• Neer, T.M., and C.S. Hedlund. 1989. Vitamin K-dependent coagulopathy in a dog with bile and cystic duct obstructions. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 25:461.
• N&egrav;gre-Sadargues, G., Castillo, R., Petit, H., Sancé, S., Martinez, R.G., Milicua, J.-C.G., Choubert, G., and Trilles, J.-P. 1993. Utilization of synthetic carotenoids by the prawn Penaeus japonicus reared under laboratory conditions. Aquaculture, 110:151-159.
• Neill, A.R., D.W. Grime and R.M. Dawson. 1978. Conversion of choline methyl groups through trimethylamine into methane in the rumen. Biochm. J. 170:529-535.
• Neill, A.R., D.W. Grime, A.M. Snoswell, A.J. Northrop, D.B. Lindsey and R.M.C. Dawson. 1979. The low availability of dietary choline for the nutrition of the sheep. Biochem. J. 180:559-565.
• Neilsen, J., A.N. Fisher, and A.H. Pedersen. 1953. The influence of feeding tocopherol to dairy cows on the yield of milk and milk fat and on the tocopherol content and keeping quality of butter. J. Dairy Res. 20:333.
• Nelsestuen, G.L., T.H. Zytkovicz, and J.B. Howard. 1974. The mode of action of vitamin K. Identification of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid as a component of prothrombin. J. Biol. Chem. 249:6347.
• Nelson, E.C., B.A. Dehority, H.S. Teague, A.P. Grifo, Jr., and V.L. Sanger. 1964. Effect of vitamin A and vitamin A acid on cerebrospinal fluid pressure and blood and liver vitamin A concentration in the pig. J. Nutr. 82:263-268.
• Nelson, E.C., B.A. Dehority, H.S. Teague, V.L. Sanger and W.D. Pounden. 1962. Effect of vitamin A on some biochemical and physiological changes in swine. J. Nutr. 76:325-332.
• Nelson, M.M., and H.M. Evans. 1945. Sparing action of protein on pantothenic acid requirement of the rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 60:319.
• Nelson, R.A. 1978. Pantothenic acid. In "Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food, Section E: Nutritional Disorders," Vol. 3. (M. Rechcigl Jr., ed.), p. 33. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida.
• Nelson, T.S., and L.C. Norris. 1961. Studies on the vitamin K requirement of the chick. II. Effect of sulfa quinoxaline on the quantitative requirements of the chick for vitamin K, menadione and menadione sodium bisulphite. J. Nutr. 73:135.
• Nemec, M., G. Butler, M. Hidiroglou, E.R. Farnsworth and K. Nielsen. 1994. Effect of supplementing gilts' diets with different levels of vitamin E and different fats on the humoral and cellular immunity of gilts and their progeny. J. Anim. Sci. 72:665-676.
• Nesheim, R.O., and B.C. Johnson. 1950. Effect of a high level of methionine on the dietary choline requirement of the baby pig. J. Nutr. 41:149-152.
• Nesheim, R.O., J.L. Krider and B.C. Johnson. 1950. The quantitative crystalline B12 requirement of the baby pig. Arch. Biochem. 27:240-242.
• Nestor, K.E., Jr., and H.R. Conrad. 1990. Metabolism of vitamin K and influence on prothrombin time in milk-fed preruminant calves. J. Dairy Sci. 73:3291-3296.
• Neumann, A.L., and B.C. Johnson. 1950. Crystalline vitamin B12 in the nutrition of the baby pig. J. Nutr. 40:403-414.
• Neumann, A.L., L.J. Krider, M.F. James and B.C. Johnson. 1949. The choline requirement of the baby pig. J. Nutr. 38:195.
• Neumann, A.L., J.B. Thiersch, J.L. Krider, M.F. James and B.C. Johnson. 1950. Requirement of the baby pig for vitamin B12 fed as a concentrate. J. Anim. Sci. 9:83-89.
• New York Hospital - Cornell Medical Center - Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Current Concepts and Perspectives. Vol. 8, No. 1. January 1993.
• Newport, M.J. 1981. A note on the effect of low levels of biotin in milk substitutes for neonatal pigs. Anim. Prod. 33:333-335.
• Newsholme, S.J., J.S.C. Cullen, P.W. Nel and F. Reyers. 1985. A hemorrhagic syndrome in recently weaned pigs ascribed to hypovitaminosis K. J. South Afr.Vet. Assoc. 56:101.
• Newstead, D.F. 1976. Carotene and immunoglobulin concentrations in the colostrum and milk of pasture-fed cows. J. Dairy Res. 43:229-237.
• Newton, G.L., and G.J. Burtle. 1992. Current concepts in carnitine research. CRC Press., p.59, Boca Raton, Florida.
• Ng, W.-K., Keembiyehetty, C.N., and Wilson, R.P. 1998. Bioavailability of niacin from feed ingredients commonly used in feeds for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture, 161:393-404.
• Ng, W.-K., Serrini, G., Zhang, Z., and Wilson, R.P. 1997. Niacin requirement and inability of tryptophan to act as a precursor of NAD+ in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture, 152:273-285.
• Nguyen, L.B., and J.F. Gregory. 1983. Effects of food composition on the bioavailability of vitamin B6 in the rat. J. Nutr. 113:1550.
• Nicholson, J.W.G., A.M. St. Laurent, R.E. McQueen, and E. Charmley. 1991. The effect of feeding organically bound selenium and alpha-tocopherol to dairy cows on susceptibility of milk to oxidation. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 71:143.
• Nielsen, H.E., V. Danielsen, M.G. Simesen, C.Gissel-Nielsen, W. Hjarde, T. Leth and A. Basse. 1979. Selenium and vitamin E deficiency in pigs. I. Influence on growth and reproduction. Acta. Vet. Scand. 20:276-288.
• Nielsen, H.E., N.J. Hojgaard-Olsen, W. Hjarde and E. Leerbeck. 1973. Vitamin E content in colostrum and sow's milk yield at two levels of dietary fats. Acta. Agric. Scand. Suppl. 19:35-38.
• Nielsen, N.C., and K. Vinther. 1984. Influence of dietary vitamin C supplement on leg-weakness in pigs. In "Proc. Workshop on Ascorbic Acid in Domestic Animals," (I. Wegger, F.J. Tagwerker and J. Moustgaard, eds.). The Royal Danish Agricultural Society, Copenhagen.
• Nielsen, S.W., J.H. Mills, C.G. Woelfel, and H.D. Eaton. 1966. The pathology of marginal vitamin A deficiency in calves. Res. Vet. Sci. 7:143.
• Nielson, T.K., C. Wolstrup, A.L. Schirmer and P.T. Jensen. 1989. Mulberry heart disease in young pigs without vitamin E and selenium deficiency. The Veterinary Record 124:535-537.
• Niki, E. 1993. Function of vitamin E as antioxidant in the membranes. In "Vitamin E: Its usefulness in Health and Curing Diseases" (M. Mino, N., Nakamura, A. Diplock and H. Kayden, eds.), p. 23. Japan Scientific Societies Press.
• Nitzan, S., Angeoni, H., and Gur, N. 1996. Effects of ascorbic acid polyphosphate (AAPP) enrichment on growth, survival and disease resistance of hybrid tilapia. Israeli J. Aquacult., 48:133-141.
• Njeru, C.A., L.R. McDowell, N.S. Wilkinson, S.B. Linda and S.N. Williams. 1994. Pre- and postpartum supplemental DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate effects on placental and mammary vitamin E transfer in sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 72:1636-1640.
• Njeru, C.A., L.R. McDowell, R.M. Shireman, N.S. Wilkinson, S.B. Linda, S.N. Williams and E.L. Lentz. 1992. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration in sheep after intramuscular injection of DL-alpha-tocopherol. J. Anim. Sci. 70:2562-2567.
• Njeru, C.A., L.R. McDowell, R.M. Shireman, N.S. Wilkinson, L.X. Rojas and S.N. Williams. 1995. Assessment of vitamin E nutritional status in yearling beef heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 73:1440-1448.
• Njoku, P.C. 1986. Effect of dietary ascorbic-acid (vitamin C) supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens in a tropical environment. Anim. Feed Sci. Techol. 16:17.
• Noble, R.E., J.H. Moore, and C.G. Harfoot. 1974. Observations on the pattern on biohydrogenation of esterified and unesterified linoleic acid in the rumen. Br. J. Nutr. 31:99.
• Nockels, C.F. 1979. Protective effects of supplemental vitamin E against infection. Fed. Proc. 38:2134-2138.
• Nockels, C.F. 1988. Increased vitamin needs during stress and disease. In "Proc. 1988 Georgia Nutrition Conference for Feed Industry," Atlanta, Georgia.
• Nockels, C.F. 1988. The role of vitamins in modulating disease resistance. Vet. Clin. North America Food Anim. Prac. 4(3):531.
• Nockels, C.F. 1990. Immunoenhancing effects of vitamins. In "Proc. 1990 Nat'l. Feed Ingred. Assoc. Nutr. Inst.: Developments in Vitamin Nutrition and Health Application," Kansas City, Missouri. National Feed Ingredients Association (NIFA), Des Moines, Iowa.
• Nockels, C.F. 1991. Vitamin E requirement of beef cattle: Influencing factors. BASF Technical Symposium, p. 40. Bloomington, Minnesota.
• Nockels, Cheryl F. 1993. Stress Impacts of Metabolic-Hormonal Regulation and Immune Function. Current Veterinary Therapy, 3rd Edition.
• Nockels, C.F., K.G. Odde, and A.M. Craig. 1996. Vitamin E Supplementation and stress affect tissue alpha-tocopheral content of beef heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 74:672.
• Noel, P.R.B., H. Chesterman, D.W. Jolly, and H. Partington. 1971. Thiamine (vitamin B1) supplementation in the dog. Vet. Rec. 89:260.
• Noel, P.R.B., H. Chesterman, R. Heywood, and D.W. Jolly. 1972. Riboflavin supplementation in the dog. Res. Vet. Sci. 13:443.
• Noll, S. 1993. Personal communication to P.B. Tillman. Feed Manag. 44:10, 31.
• Noll, S.L., et al., 1996. Vitamin C supplementation of poult drinking water. Gobbles. 53 (7):5.
• Noll, S.L. 1997. Vitamin C for turkey breeders. Proc. of the Arkansas Nutrition Conf., Arkansas Poult. Federation, Little Rock, Arkansas.
• Noll, S.L., P.I. Bond, Jr., and K.A. Turner. 1996a. Vitamin C supplementation of poult drinking water. Gobbles, Minnesota Turkey Growers Assn., St. Paul, Minnesota, 53(7):4.
• Noll, S.L., M.E. Halawani, P.E. Waibel, and J. Brannon. 1996b. Supplemental vitamin C raised turkey egg lay. Poult. Digest 55(1):8.
• Nonnecke, B.J., R.L. Horst, P.L. Dubeski and T.A. Reinhardt. 1997. Reactivity and phenotype of mononuclear leukocytes from nongravid heifers after in vitro exposure to 9,13-di-cis-retinoic acid. J. Dairy Sci. 80:2833-2841.
• Norman, A.W., and H.F. DeLuca. 1963. The preparation of H3-vitamins D2 and D3 and their localization in the rat. Biochem. 2:1160.
• North Central Region (NCR-42) Committee on Swine Nutrition. 1976. Effect of supplemental choline on reproductive performance of sows: A Cooperative Regional Study. J. Anim. Sci. 42:1211.
• North Central Region-42 Committee on Swine Nutrition. 1980. Effect of supplemental choline on performance of starting, growing, and finishing pigs: A Cooperative Regional Study. J. Anim. Sci. 50:99-102.
• North Central Region-89 (NCR-89) Committee on Confinement Management of Swine. 1989. Effect of vitamin C and space allowance on performance of weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 67:624-627.
• North, M.O. 1979. New method of estimating feed consumption as temperature changes. Feed Management. 85(5):18.
• Norvell, M.J., and M.C. Nesheim. 1969. Studies on rate of choline synthesis in chicks and laying hens. In "Proc. Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers," Ithaca, New York.
• Novotny, J.A., and J.A. Milner. 1993. Impact of ascorbic acid on selenium-induced growth inhibition of canine mammary tumor cells in vitro. J. Nutr. Biochem. 4:341.
• NRC. 1949. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Horses. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1962. Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. National Academy of Science-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1966. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Horses. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1972. Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. National Academy of Science-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1973. Effect of Processing on the Nutritional Value of Feeds. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1974. Nutrient Requirements of Dogs. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1978. Nutrient Requirements of Cats. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1980. Mineral Tolerance of Domestic Animals. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1981. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Goats. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1982. United States-Canadian Tables of Feed Composition (Third Rev. Ed.) National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1983. Nutrient Requirements of Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 102 pp.
• NRC. 1983. Selenium in Nutrition (Rev. Ed.). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1984. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (Eighth Rev. Ed.). National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1985a. Nutrient Requirements of Dogs. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1985b. Nutrient Requirements of Sheep (Sixth Rev. Ed.). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1986. Nutrient Requirements of Cats. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1987. Vitamin Tolerance of Animals. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1988. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Swine (Ninth Rev. Ed.). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Horses. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle (Sixth Rev. Ed.). National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. Nutrient Requirements of Fish. National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirement of Poultry (Ninth Rev. Ed.). National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1996. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (7th Rev. Ed.) National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• NRC. 1998. Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals: Nutrient Requirements of Swine (Tenth Rev. Ed). National Academy of Sciences- National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• Nunes, G.D., Dinis, M.T., and Bucke, D. 1996. The response to environmetnal stress in juvenile Sparus aurata L. fed diets supplemented with high doses of vitamin C. Bull. Eur. Ass. Fish Pathol., 16:208-210.
• Nunn, C.L. 1993. Effect of vitamin E and selenium on neonatal immunoglobulin levels and incidence of scours in beef calves. Ore. Ag. Exp. Sta. Tech Paper No. 10,726.
• Nunnery, G.A., M.L. Galyean, S.C. Harris, G.B. Sayler and P.J. Defoor. 1999. Effects of source and level of ruminally protected choline on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 77 (Suppl. 1):273.
• Nys, Y., H. Van Baelen, and R. Bouillon. 1992. Plasma 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol and its free index are potentiated by ovulation dependent factors and shell formation induced hypocalcemia in the laying hen. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 9:37.

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• Obach, A., and Baudin Laurencin, F. 1992. Effects of dietary oxidized fish oil and deficiency of anti-oxidants on the immune response of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Aquaculture, 107:221-228.
• Obach, A., Quentel, C., and Baudin Laurencin, F. 1993. Effects of alpha-tocopherol and dietary oxidized fish oil on the immune response of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Dis. Aquat. Organ., 15:175-185.
• Obel, A.L. 1953. Studies on the morphology and etiology of so-called toxic liver dystrophy (hepatosis diatetica) in swine. Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. Suppl. 94:1.
• Oberbach, H., and Hartfiel, W. 1988. Investigations of the alpha-tocopherol and selen need of rainbow trouts (Salmo gairdneri, R.) and pathological deficiency symptoms in case of rations which are rich in polyen acids. Fat Sci. Technol., 90:97-101.
• Oberback, H., Totovic, V., and Hartfiel, W. 1989. Effects of differently high oxidized fats in feed of rainbow trouts (Salmo gairdneri, R.) on the need for vitamin E and selen. Fat Sci. Technol., 91:148-153.
• Oberbauer, A.M., L. Krook, D.L. Hogue, W.B. Currie and M.L. Thonney. 1988. Dietary calcium and metacarpal growth in ewes. J.Nutr. 118:976-981.
• Ochoa, L., L.R. McDowell, S.N. Williams, N. Wilkinson, J. Boucher and E.L. Lentz. 1992. Alpha tocopherol concentrations in serum and tissues of sheep fed different sources of vitamin E. J. Anim. Sci. 70:2568-2573.
• O'Connell, J.P., and Gatlin, D.M. III, 1994. Effects of dietary calcium and vitamin D3 on weight gain and mineral composition of the blue tilaia (Oreochromis aureus) in low-calcium water. Aquaculture, 125:107-117.
• O'Connor, D.L., M.F. Picciano, M.A. Roos and R.A. Easter. 1989. Iron and folate utilization in reproducing swine and their progeny. J. Nutr. 119:1984.
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• Odle, J. 1996. Ingredients for pig feed: betaine and carnitine. Feed Management. 47(1):25-27.
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• Oduho, G.W., Y.M. Han, and D.H. Baker. 1994. Iron deficiency reduces the efficacy of tryptophan as a niacin precursor. J. Nutr. 124:444.
• Oetzel, G.R. 1991. Meta-analysis of nutritional risk factors for milk fever in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3900.
• Oetzel, G.R., J.D. Olson, C.R. Curtis, and M.J. Fettman. 1988. Ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate for prevention of parturient paresis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3302.
• Ogino, C. 1965. Vitamin requirements of carp, Cyprinus carpio. I. Deficiency symptoms and requirement of vitamin B6. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 31:546-551.
• Ogino, C. 1967. B vitamins requirements of carp. 2. Requirements for riboflavin and pantothenic acid. Bull Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 33:351-354.
• Ogino, C., Uki, N., Watanabe, T., Iida Z., and Ando, K. 1970. B vitamin requirements of Carp - IV. Requirement for choline. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 36:1140-1146.
• Ogino, C., Watanabe, T., Kakino, J., Iwanaga, N., and Mizuno, M. 1970. B vitamin requirements of carp - III. requirement for biotin. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 36:734-740.
• O'Harte, F.P.M., D.G. Kennedy, W.J. Blanchflower, and D.A. Rice. 1989. Methylmalonic acid in the diagnosis of cobalt deficient in barley-fed lambs. Br. J. Nutr. 62:729.
• Ohtsuka, A., T. Ohtani, H. Horiguchi, H. Kojima and K. Hayashi. 1998. Vitamin E reduces glucocorticoid induced growth inhibition and lipid peroxidation in rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vit. (Tokyo) 44:237-247.
• Oka, A.Y. Maruo, T. Miki, T. Yanasaki and T. Saito. 1998. Influence of vitamin A on the quality of beef from the Tajima strain of Japanese Black cattle. Meat Sci. 48:159-167.
• Okada, K.A., B.J. Carrillo, and M. Tilley. 1977. Solanum malacoxylon sendtner: A toxic plant in Argentina. Econ. Bot. 31:225.
• Okere, C., and R.R. Hacker. 1997. Immunophysiological responses of sows and neonatal pigs to vitamin E and selenium therapy. Ontario Swine Res. Rev, pp. 87-89.
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• Olivares, M., F. Pizzaro, O. Pineda, J.J. Name, E. Hertrampf, and T. Walter. 1997. Milk inhibits and ascorbic acid favors ferrous bis-glycine chelate bioavailability in humans. J. Nutr. 127:1407.
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• Olkowski, A.A., and H.L. Classen. 1998. The study of riboflavin requirement in broiler chickens. Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 68:316.
• Olkowski, A.A., and H.L. Classen. 1999. The effects of maternal thiamine nutrition on thiamine status of the offspring in broiler chickens. Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 69:32.
• Olkowski, A.A., S.R Gooneratne, and D.A. Christensen. 1990. Effects of diets with sulfur content and varied concentrations of copper, molybdenum and thiamin on in vitro phagocytic and candidacidal activity of neutrophils in sheep. Res. Vet. Sci. 48:82.
• Olkowski, A.A., S.R. Gooneratne and D.A. Christensen. 1991. The effects of copper status on thiamin metabolism in sheep fed a high sulfur diet. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 71:813-824.
• Olkowski, A.A., S.R. Gooneratne, C.G. Rousseaux and D.A. Christensen. 1992. Role of thiamin status in sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia in sheep. Res. Vet. Sci. 52:78-85.
• Olkowski, A.A., B. Laarveld, J.F. Patience, S.I. Francis and D.A. Christensen. 1993. The effect of sulfate on thiamin-destroying activity in rumen content cultures in-vitro. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 63:38-44.
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