NutraFacts Online: References - ST

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• Swingle, R.S., and I.A. Dyer. 1970. Effects of choline on rumen microbial metabolism. J. Anim. Sci. 31:404.
• Sadler, W.C., J.H. Mahoney, H.C. Puch, D.L. Williams, and D.E. Hodge. 1983. Relationship between sulfate and polioencephalomalacia in cattle. Anim. Sci. Abstr.1983:467.
• Safford, J.W., K.F. Swingle and H. Marsh. 1954. Experimental tocopherol deficiency in young calves. Am. J. Vet. Res. 15:373.
• Safonova, I., E. Amri, and G. Ailhaud. 1994. Retinoids are positive effectors of adipose cell differentiation. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 104:201.
• Sager, R.L., D.W. Hamar and D.H. Gould. 1990. Clinical and biochemical alterations in calves with nutritionally induced polioencephalomalacia. Am. J. Vet. Res. 51:1969-1974.
• Said, H.M. 1999. Cellular uptake of biotin: mechanisms and regulation. J.Nutr. 129:490S-493S.
• Said, H.M., and I. Derweesh. 1991. Carrier-mediated mechanism for biotin transport in rabbit intestine: Studies with brush-border membrane vesicles. Am. J. Phys. 261:R94.
• Said, H.M., J. Hoefs, R. Mohammadkhani, and D.W. Horne. 1992. Biotin transport in human liver basolateral membrane vesicles: A carrier-mediated, Na+ gradient-dependent process. Gastroenterology 102:2120.
• Said, H.M., R. Redha, and W. Nylander. 1988. Biotin transport in the human intestine: Site of maximum transport and effect of pH. Gastroenterology 95:1312.
• Sakaguchi, H., Takeda, F., and Tange, K. 1969. Studies on vitamin requirements by yellowtail - I. Vitamin B6 and vitamin C deficiency symptoms. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 35:1201-1206.
• Sakai, T., Murata, H., Endo, M., Yamauchi, K., Tabata, N., and Fukudome, M. 1989. 2-thiobarbituric acid values and contents of alpha-tocopherol and bile pigments in the liver and muscle of jaundiced yellowtail, Seriola quingueradiata. Agric. Biol. Che., 53:1739-1740.
• Sakai, T., Murata, H., Yamauchi, K., Sekiya, T., and Ukawa, M. 1992. Effects of dietary lipid peroxides contents on in vivo lipid peroxidation, alpha-tocopherol contents, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver of yellowtail. Nippon, Suisan Gakkaishi, 58:1483-1486.
• Sakakura, Y., Koshio, S., Iida, Y., Tsukamoto, K., Kida, T., and Blom, J.H. 1998. Dietary vitamin C improves the quality of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) seedlings. Aquaculture, 161:427-436.
• Sakamoto, N. et al. 1999. Low vitamin K intake effects on glucose tolerance in rats. Int. J. Vitamin Nutr. Res. 69(1):27-31.
• Sakthi Vel, M., and Perumal, R. 1996. Dosage effects of vitamins on food utilization growth and survival in eye stalk ablated and non-ablated tiger prawn Penaeus monodon. J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Monit., 6:83-92.
• Sakthi Vel, M., Sampath, K., and Pandian, T.J. 1990. Dosage effects of pyridoxine, folacin and ascrobic acid on the blood parameters of Cyrinus carpio. In Hirano, R., and Hanyu, I. (Editors), "The Second Asian Fisheries Forum." Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. Pp. 263-266.
• Sakurai, T., T. Asakura, A. Mizuno, and M. Matsuda. 1992. Absorption and metabolism of pyridoxamine in mice: II. Transformation of pyridoxamines to pyridoxal in intestinal tissues. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 38:227.
• Salam, A.A., P. Vijchulata, S. Sivarajasingam and K. Ragavan. 1987. Haematologic and growth response to prepartum administration of vitamin A in calves. 51:198-201.
• Saleh, G., Eleraky, W., and Gropp, J.M. 1995. A short note on the effects of vitamin A hypervitaminosis and hypovitaminosis on health and growth of tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus). J. Appl. Ichthyol., 11:382-385.
• Salisbury, G.W. 1944. A controlled experiment in feeding wheat germ oil as a supplement to the normal ration of bulls used for artificial insemination. J. Dairy Sci. 27:551.
• Salte, R., and Norberg, K. 1991. Effects of warfarin on vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout with special reference to factor X. Thromb. Res., 63:39-45.
• Salte, R., Åsgård, T., and Liestøl, K. 1988. Vitamin E and selenium prophylaxis against "Hitra disease" in farmed Atlantic salmon - a survival study. Aquaculture, 75:45-55.
• Samland, C.J., R.E. Musser, J.K. Peters, J.T. Sawyer, K.Q. Owen and D.L. Davis. 1998. Ovulation and fertilization rate of gilts provided additional L-carnitine and chromium nicotinate. Kansas State University Swine Day, pp. 25-27.
• Sanders, S.K., J.B. Morgan, D.M. Wulf, J.D. Tatum, S.M. Williams, and G.C. Smith. 1997. Vitamin E supplementation of cattle and shelf-life of beef for the Japanese market. J. Anim. Sci. 75:2634.
• Sandholm, M., R. Honkanen-Buzalski, and V. Rasi. 1979. Prevention of navel bleeding in piglets by preparturient administration of ascorbic acid. Vet. Rec. 104:337.
• Sandnes, K. 1984. Some aspects of ascorbic acid and reproduction in fish. In Wegger, I., Tagwerker, F.J., and Moustgaard, J. (Editors). "Ascorbic Acid in Domestic Animals, Proceeding of the 1st Symposium, Skjoldenæsholm, September, 1983." The Royal Danish Agricultural Society, Copenhagen. Pp. 206-212.
• Sandnes, K. 1991. Vitamin C in fish nutrition - a review. Fisk. Dir. Skr. Ser. Ernaering., 4:3-32.
• Sandnes, K., and Utne, F. 1982. Processing loss and storage stability of ascorbic acid in dry fish feed. Fisk. Dir. Skr. Ser. Ernæring., 2:39-44.
• Sandnes, K., and Waagbø, R. 1991. Enzymatic hydrolysis of ascorbate-2-monophosphate and ascorbate-2-sulphate in vitro, and bioactivity of ascorbate-2-monophosphate in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fisk. Dir. Skr. Ser. Ernæring., 4:33-39.
• Sandnes, K., and Waagbø, R. 1992. Studies on vitamin C in Atlantic salmon. In Wenk, C., Fenster, R., and Völker, L. (Editors). "Ascorbic Acid in Domestic Animals, Proc. of the 2nd Symposium, Kartause Ittingen, Switzeland, 9th-12th October, 1990." Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Zürich, Switzerland. Pp. 322-334.
• Sandnes, K., Hansen, T., Killie, J.-E.A., and Waagbø, R. 1990. Ascorbate-2-sulfate as a dietary vitamin C source for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar):1. Growth, bioactivity, haematology and humoral immune response. Fish Physiol. Biochem., 8:419-427.
• Sandnes, K., Rosenlund, G., Mangor-Jensen, A., and Lie, Ø. 1998. Contents and organ distribution of pantothenic acid in maturing turbot (Psetta maxima). Aquacult. Nutr., 4:285-286.
• Sandnes, K., Torrissen, O., and Waagbø, R. 1992. The minimum dietary requirement of vitamin C in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry using Ca ascorbate-2-monophosphate as dietary source. Fish Physiol. Biochem., 10:315-319.
• Sandnes, K., Ulgenes, Y., Braekkan, O.R., and Utne, F. 1984. The effect of ascorbic acid supplementation in broodstock feed on reproduction or rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Aquaculture, 43:167-177.
• Santulli, A., and D'Amelio, V. 1986a. Effects of supplemental dietary carnitine on growth and lipid metabolism of hatchery-reared sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Aquaculture, 59:177-186.
• Santulli, A., and D'Amelio, V. 1986b. The effects of carnitine on the growth of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., fry. J. Fish Biol., 28:81-86.
• Santulli, A., Modica, A., Curatolo, A., and D'Amelio, V. 1988. Carnitine administration to sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)) during feeding on a fat diet: modification of plasma lipid levels and lipoprotein pattern. Aquaculture, 68:345-351.
• Santulli, A., Puccia, E., and D'Amelio, V. 1990. Preliminary study on the effect of short-term carnitine treatment on nucleic acids and protein metabolism in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) fry. Aquaculture, 87:85-89.
• Sarasin, A. 1994. An in vitro model for organotypic epidermal differentiation: effects of biotin. DVM Thesis, Univ. Zurich, School Vet. Med.
• Sardi, L., G. Martelli, M. Dall'Olio and P. Parisini. 1996. Impeigo di L-carnitina nell'alimentazione del suino pesante. The effects of L-carnitine on growing-fattening and slaughtering performances of Italian heavy pigs. Rivista Di Suinicoltura N. 7:98.
• Sargent, J., Bell, G., McEvoy, L., Tocher, D., and Estevez, A. 1999. Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish. Aquaculture, 177:191-199.
• Sargent, J., McEvoy, L., and Bell, G. 1997. Requirements, presentation and sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine fish larval feeds. Aquaculture, 155:117-127.
• Sato, M., Kondo, T., Yoshinaka, R., and Ikeda, S. 1982. Effect of dietary ascorbic acid levels on collagen formation in rainbow trout. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 48:553-556.
• Sato, M., Kondo, T., Yoshinaka, R., and Ikeda, S. 1983. Effect of water temperature on the skeletal deformity in ascorbic acid-deficiency rainbow trout. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 49:443-446.
• Sato, M., Miyasaki, T., and Yoshinaka, R. 1991. Utilization of L-ascorbyl 2-phosphate in rainbow trout as a dietary vitmain C source. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 57:1923-1923.
• Sato, M., Yoshinaka, R., Yamamoto, Y., and Ikeda, S. 1978. Nonessentiality of ascorbic acid in the diet of carp. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 44:1151-1156.
• Satoh, S., Takeuchi, T., and Watanabe, T. 1987. Requirement of tilapia for alpha-tocopherol. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 53:119-124.
• Satterfield, G.H., M.A. Mosley, H.C. Gauger, A.D. Holmes and F. Tripp. 1940. Correlation of avian diseases and ascorbic acid content of chicken blood. Poult. Sci. 19:337.
• Satterlee, D.G., I. Aguilera-Quintana, B.J. Munn, and B.A. Krautmann. 1989. Vitamin C amelioration of the adrenal stress response in broiler chickens being prepared for slaughter. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 94A:569.
• Satterlee, D.G., et al., 1993. Effects of vitamin C supplementation on the adrenocortical and tonic immobility fear reactions of Japanese quail genetically selected for high corticosterone response to stress. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 35:347.
• Satterlee, D.G., et al., 1994. Effects of ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate on adrenocortical activation and fear-related behavior in broiler chicks. Poultry Sci. 73:194.
• Sauberlich, H.E. 1984. Ascorbic Acid. In "Nutrition Reviews, Present Knowledge in Nutrition," (Fifth Ed.) (R.E. Olson, H.P. Broquist, C.O. Chichester, W.J. Drby, A.C. Kolbye, Jr., and R.M. Stalvey, eds.). The Nutrition Foundation, Inc. Washington, D.C.
• Sauberlich, H. 1985. Bioavailability of vitamins. Progress Food Nutr.Sci. 9:1.
• Sauberlich, H.E. 1990. Ascorbic acid. In "Nutrition Reviews, Present Knowledge in Nutrition" (R.E. Olson, ed.), p. 132. Nutrition Foundation, Washington, D.C.
• Sauberlich, H.E. 1994. Pharmacology of vitamin C. Ann. Rev. Nutr. 14:371-391.
• Sauer, F.D., E.R. Farnworth, J.M.R. Belanger, J.K.G. Kramer, R.B. Miller and S. Yamashiro. 1997. Additional vitamin E required in milk replacer diets that contain canola oil. Nut. Res. 17:259-269.
• Sauer, W.C., R. Mosenthin and L. Ozimek. 1988. The digestibility of biotin in protein supplements and cereal grains for growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 66:2583.
• Savage, D.G., and J. Lindenbaum. 1995. Folate-cobalamin interactions. In "Folate in Health and Disease" (L.B. Bailey, ed.), p. 237. Marcel Dekker, New York.
• Saxena, H.C., G.E. Bearse, C.E. McClary, L.G. Blaylock, and L.R. Berg. 1954. Deficiency of folic acid rations containing natural feedstuffs. Poult. Sci. 33:815.
• Saxena, S.P., Tao Fan, M. Li, E.D. Israels, L.G. Israels, T. Fan, and M.Y. Li. 1997. A novel role for vitamin K1 in a tyrosine phosphorylation cascade during chick embryogenesis. J. Clin. Inves. 99:602.
• Schaefer, A.E., J.M. McKibben, and C.A. Elvehjem. 1941. Importance of choline in synthetic rations for dogs. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 47:365.
• Schaefer, A.E., J.M. McKibben, and C.A. Elvehjem. 1942a. Panthothenic acid deficiency studies in dogs. J. Biol. Chem. 143:321.
• Schaefer, A.E., J.M. McKibben, and C.A. Elvehjem. 1942b. Nicotinic acid deficiency studies in dogs. J. Biol. Chem. 144:679.
• Schaefer, D.M., Q. Liu, C. Faustman and M.C. Yin. 1995. Supranutritional administration of vitamins E and C improves oxidative stability of beef. J. Nutr. 125(6 Suppl.):1792S-1798S.
• Schaeffer, M.C. 1993. Excess dietary vitamin B6 alters startle behavior of rats. J. Nutr. 123:1444.
• Schaeffer, M.C., Q.R. Rogers, and J.G.Morris. 1982. The choline requirements of the growing kitten in the presence of just adequate dietary methionine. Nutr. Res. 2:289.
• Schalm, O.W. 1974. Megaloblastic marrow cytology in the cat: Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies (and) erythroleukemia. Feline Pract. 4:16.
• Schams, D., B. Hoffman, K.H. Lotthammer, and L. Ahlswede. 1978. Specific effects of vitamin A unrelated beta-carotene deficiency on fertility parameters in cattle. Acta. Endocrinol. 87 (Suppl. 215):101.
• Scheideler, S.E. 1998. Vitamin E and heat stress in layers. Proc. of the Multi-state Poultry Meeting, Purdue Univ. Publishers.
• Scheideler, S.E., and G.W. Froning. 1996. The combined influence of dietary flaxseed variety, level, form and storage conditions on egg production and composition among vitamin E-supplemented hens. Poult. Sci. 75:1221.
• Schelling, G.T., R.A. Roeder, M.J. Garber and W.M. Pumfrey. 1995. Bioavailability and interaction of vitamin A and vitamin E in ruminants. J. Nutr. 125:1799S-1803S.
• Schendel, H.E., and B.C. Johnson. 1962. Vitamin K deficiency in the baby pig. J. Nutr. 76:124.
• Schenker, S., R.F. Johnson, J.D.Mahuren, G.I. Henderson, and S.P. Coburn. 1992. Human placental vitamin B6 (pyrodoxal) transport: Normal characteristics and effects of ethanol. Am. J. Physiol. 262:R966.
• Scherf, H. 1988. Vitamin for better feed conversion? Pig. Int. 18(9):12.
• Scherf, H., and L.J. Scott. 1989. How do vitamins affect sow productivity? Pigs-Misset, Jan/Feb, p. 16.
• Scherf, H., L.J. Machlin, T.M. Frye, B.A. Krautmann and S.N. Williams. 1996. Vitamin E biopotency: Comparison of various "natural-derived" and chemically synthesized alpha-tocopherols. An. Feed Sci. Tech. 59:115-126.
• Schiedt, K., Leuenberger, F.J., Vecchi, M., and Glinz, E. 1985. Absorption, retention and metabolic transformation of carotenoids in rainbow trout, salmon and chicken. Pure Appl. Chem., 57:685-692.
• Schingoethe, D.J., C.A. Kirkbirde, I.S. Palmer, M.J. Owens and W.L. Tucker. 1982. Response of cows consuming adequate selenium to vitamin E and selenium supplementation prepartum. J. Dairy Sci. 65:2338.
• Schmid, M. 1995. Der einfluss von biotin auf die klauenhornqualitaet beim rind. DVM thesis submitted to the Institute of Veterinary Anatomy of the University of Zurich (Switzerland).
• Schmidt, H. 1941. Vitamin A deficiencies in ruminants. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2:373.
• Schneider, J. 1986 Vitamin stability and activity of fat soluble vitamins as influenced by manufacturing processes. In "Proc. 1986 Nat'l. Feed Ingred. Assoc. Nutr. Inst.: Bioavailability of Vitamins in Feed Ingredients," Chicago, Illinois. National Feed Ingredients Association (NFIA), Des Moines, Iowa.
• Schoenbeck, R.A., J. Thompson and B.A.Didion. 1994. A comparison of vitamin A supplements on reproductive performance of weaned sows. J. Anim. Sci. 77(Suppl. 1):375.
• Scholtissek, J., C.A. Barth, H. Hagemeister, and M. Frigg. 1990. Biotin supply by large bowel bacteria in minipigs: Evidence from intracaecal avidin. Br. J. Nutr. 64:715.
• Scholz, P.M., Edwards, D., Dean, J.M., and Palm, R.C., Jr. 1994. Use of a quadratic response model to estimate optimum combinations of nutritional variables. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 123:266-272.
• Schoner, F.J., P.P. Hoppe, and G. Schwarz. 1991. Comparative effects of microbial phytase and inorganic phosphorus on performance and retention of phosphorus, calcium and crude ash in broilers. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 66:248.
• Schougaard, H., A. Basse, G. Gissel-Nielsen, and M.G. Simesen. 1972. Nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) in foals. Nord. Veterinaermed. 24:67.
• Schreiber, S., Becker, K., Bresler, V., and Fishelson, L. 1997. Dietary L-carnitine protects the gills and skin of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) against anionic xenobiotics. Comp. Biochem. Physiol, 117C:99-102.
• Schroder, B., G. Breves and E. Pfeffer. 1990. Binding properties of duodenal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors as affected by phosphorus depletion in lactating goats. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 96:495-498.
• Schuhmacher, A. 1993. Carnitine, a vitamin for trout? In "EIFAC Workshop on Methodology for Determination of Nutrient Requirements in Fish, Proc.." Eichenau, Germany, 29.06-01.07.1993.
• Schultz, L.H. 1983. Niacin in dairy rations. "Proc. 18th Pacific Northwest Nutr. Conf," p. 69. Corvallis, Oregon.
• Schultze, J., and V. Willy. 1997. Biological efficacy of Rovimix Stay-C 35 as a source of vitamin C for dogs, poultry, calves, growing pigs and horses. Roche Vitamins Research Report. B-167,495. July 1997.
• Schulze, J., and H. Scherf. 1989. Klinische studie zur therapie mit giotin beim pferd. Tierarztliche-Umschau 4:187.
• Schutte, J.B., J. De Jong, W. Smink, and M. Pack. 1997. Replacement value of betaine for dl-methionine in male broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 76:321.
• Schwab, C.G., and L.D. Satter, 1974. Effect of abomasal infusion of amino acids on lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 57:632
• Schwager, J., and J. Schulze. 1997. Influence of ascorbic acid on the response to mitogens and interleukin production in porcine lymphocytes. Int. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 67:10-16.
• Schwager, J., and J. Schulze. 1998. Dependence of growth, bone metabolism and functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on ascorbic acid in pigs. Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 68:48-58.
• Schwarz, F.J. 1996. Influence of dietary fatty acid composition and vitamin E on fatty acids and apha-tocopherol in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Arch. Anim. Nutr., 49:63-71.
• Schwarz, F.J., Kirchgessner, M., Steinhart, H., and Runge, G. 1988. Influence fo different fats with varying additions of alpha-tocopheryl acetate on growth and body composition of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Aquaculture, 69:57-67.
• Schweigert, B.S., H.L. German, P.B. Pearson, and R.M. Sherwood. 1948. Effect of the pteroylglutamic acid intake on the performance of turkeys and chickens. J. Nutr. 35:89.
• Schweigert, B.S., P.B. Pearson, and M.C. Wilkening. 1947. The metabolic conversion of tryptophyan to nicotinic acid and to N1-methyl nicotinamide. Arch. Biochem. 12:139.
• Schweigert, F.J., and W. Eisele. 1990. Parenteral beta-carotene administration to cows: effect on plasma levels, lipoprotein distribution and secretion in the milk. Z. Ernahrungswiss 29:184-191.
• Schweigert, F.J., M. Wierich, W.A. Rambeck, H. Zucker. 1988a. Carotene cleavage activity in bovine ovarian follicles. Theriogenology 30:923-930.
• Schweigert, F.J., and H. Zucker. 1988b. Concentrations of vitamin A, beta-carotene and vitamin E in individual bovine follicles of different quality. J. Reprod. Fert. 82:575-579.
• Sconberg, S., et al., 1993. Effects of shipping, handling, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and epinephrine on alpha-tocopherol content of bovine blood. Am. J. Vet. Res. 55(8):1287.
• Scott, C.G., N. Cohen, P.P. Riggio and G. Weber. 1982. Gas chromatographic assay of the diastereomeric composition of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. Lipids, 17:97.
• Scott, D., and A.F. McLean. 1981. Control of mineral absorption in ruminants. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 40:257.
• Scott, D.S., and B.E. Sheffy. 1987. Dermatosis in dogs caused by vitamin E deficiency. Companion Anim. Prac. 1(4):42.
• Scott, D.W. 1981. Vitamin C-responsive dermatoses in calves. Bovine Pract. 2:22-27.
• Scott, D.W. 1986. Vitamin A-responsive dermatosis in the cocker spaniel. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 22:125.
• Scott, D.W., W.H. Miller, and C.E. Griffin. 1995. Nutritional skin diseases. In "Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology," W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.
• Scott, D.W., and D.K. Walton. 1985. Clinical evaluation of oral vitamin E for the treatment of primary canine acanthosis nigricans. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 21:345.
• Scott, D.W., D.K. Walton, T.O. Manning, C.A. Smith, and R.M. Lewis. 1983. Canine lupus erythematosus. II. Discoid lupus erythematosus. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 19:481.
• Scott, J.M. 1999. Folate and vitamin B12. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 58:441-448.
• Scott, K.C., and J.D. Latshaw. 1994. The vitamin D3 and precholicalciferol content of menhaden fish meal as affected by drying conditions. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 47:99.
• Scott, M.L. 1966. Factors modifying the practical vitamin requirements of poultry. In "Proc. 1966 Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers," p. 35. Ithaca, New York.
• Scott, M.L. 1973. Effect of processing on the availability and nutritional value of vitamins. In "Effect of Processing on the Nutritional Value of Feeds," National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
• Scott, M.L. 1981. Importance of biotin for chickens and turkeys. Feedstuffs 53(8):59.
• Scott, M.L., E.R. Holm, and R.E. Reynolds. 1964. Studies on the pantothenic acid and unidentified factor requirements of young Ringnecked pheasants and Bobwhite quail. Poult. Sci. 43:1534.
• Scott, M.L., M.C. Nesheim, and R.J. Young. 1982. Nutrition of the Chicken. Scott & Associates, Ithaca, New York.
• Scott, P.P. 1965. Minerals and Vitamins in Feline Nutrition. In "Canine and Feline Nutritional Requirements" (0. Graham-Jones, ed.). Publ. Pergamon Press, London.
• Scudi, J.V., and M. Hamlin. 1942. The effect of pantothenic acid deficiency on the blood lipids of the dog. J. Nutr. 24:273.
• Sealey, W.M., and Gatlin, D.M. III, 1999. Dietary vitamin C requirement of hybrid striped bass Morone chrysops (f) X M. saxatilis (m). J. World Aquacult. Soc., 30:297-301.
• Seawright, A.A., and J. Hrdlicka. 1974. Pathogenetic factors in tooth loss in young cats on a high daily oral intake of vitamin A. Aust. Vet. J. 50:133.
• Seawright, A.A., P.B. English, and R.J.W. Gartner. 1965. Hypervitaminosis A and hyperostosis of the cat. Nature 206:1171.
• Seawright, A.A., P.B. English, and R.J.W. Gartner. 1967. Hypervitaminosis A and deforming cervical spondylosis of the cat. J. Comp. Pathol. 77:29.
• Sebrell, W.H., R.H. Onstott, H.F. Fraser, and F.S. Daft. 1938. Nicotinic acid in the prevention of black tongue of dogs. J. Nutr. 16:355.
• Seckington, I.M., R.G. Hunstman, and G.C. Jenkins. 1967. The serum folic acid levels of grass-fed and stabled horses. Vet. Rec. 81:158.
• Secrist, D.S., et al., 1995. Effects of vitamin E on performance of feedlot cattle: a review. Oklahoma State University (Report).
• Secrist, D.S., F.N. Owens and D.R. Gill. 1997. Effects of vitamin E on performance of feedlot cattle: a review. Prof. Anim. Sci. 13:47-54.
• Seerley, R.W., O.W. Charles, H.C. McCampbell and S.P. Bertsch. 1976. Efficacy of menadione dimethylpyrimidinol bisulfite as a source of vitamin K in swine diets. J. Anim. Sci. 42:599.
• Seerley, R.W., R.A. Snyder and H.C. McCampbell. 1981. The influence of sow dietary lipids and choline on piglet survival, milk and carcass composition. J. Anim. Sci. 52:542-550.
• Segerson, J.C., G.J. Riviere, H.L. Dalton, and M.A. Whitacre. 1981. Retained placenta of Holstein cows treated with selenium and vitamin E. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1833.
• Selke, M.R., C.E. Barnhart and C.H. Chaney. 1967. Vitamin A requirement of the gestating and lactating sow. J. Anim. Sci. 26:759.
• Sell, J. 1996. Recent developments in vitamin E nutrition of turkeys. Animal Feed Science Tech. 60:229.
• Sergeev, I.N., Y.P. Arkhapchev, and V.B. Spirichev. 1990. The role of vitamin E in the metabolism and reception of vitamn E. Biokhimiya-Engl. Tr. 55:1483.
• Serman, V., and H. Mazija. 1985. Effects of nutrition on the strength of acquired immunity against Newcastle disease. IV. Role of vitamin A. Veterinarski Archiv. 55(1):1.
• Serrini, G., Zhang, Z., and Wilson, R.P. 1996. Dietary riboflavin requirement of fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Aquaculture, 139:285-290.
• Sevkovic, N., I.D. Rajic and S. Murgaski. 1976. Effect of vitamin C in preventing PSE meat and muscle degeneration in hogs. Food Science and Technology Abstracts 9(12S):2104.
• Sewell, R.E., T.J. Cunha, C.B. Shawver, W.A. Ney, and H.D. Wallace. 1952. Effect of aureomycin on diarrhea and on the vitamin B12 and methionine needs of the pig. Am. J. Vet Res. 13:186.
• Sewell, R.F., D. Nugara, R.L. Hill and W.A. Knapp. 1964. Vitamin B6 requirement of early-weaned pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 23:694-699.
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