Vitamin B2 is used in the treatment and prevention of riboflavin deficiency that is called ariboflavinosis. There are open studies reporting potential benefits of high-dose riboflavin in prophylaxis of migraine attacks. Recent clinical research examines the role of riboflavin in modulation of blood pressure in population with specific genotype. Emerging science on vitamin B2 covers inflammatory bowel diseases with regards to the potential role of riboflavin as a prebiotic agent.